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Екологія: біологія взаємодії. V-02. Класифікація факторів довкілля за їх походженням
Фактор довкілля — окрема характеристика довкілля (навколишнього середовища), певне явище, процес або властивість, що потенційно може впливати на біосистеми, які знаходяться в цьому довкіллі. Екологічний фактор — окрема характеристика екологічного …
Ecology: Biology of Interaction. V-01. Environment and Ecological Surroundings
A frog sits on a riverbank. It is an open system continuously exchanging matter, energy, and information with its environment. Can we consider the frog separately from the environment? Only …
Ecology: Biology of Interaction. IV-17. (Supplement) How Parasites “Set Up” Their Hosts
http://batrachos.com/Регуляція_чисельності A correlation was found between the degree of Toxoplasma infection in different peoples and cultural traits of those peoples. Available data suggest that the parasite increases anxiety, insecurity, depression, …
Ecology: biology of interaction. IV-18. (supplement) Strategies of intraspecific interaction
Almost all offspring in a troop of baboons belongs to several dominant males (leaders) who, by combining their efforts, keep subdominant males in a subordinate state (in particular, thereby prohibiting …
Ecology: Biology of Interaction. IV-16. Population Size Regulation
Population abundance can be regulated by abiotic factors, resource limitation, competitors, predators, parasites, and internal population mechanisms. Different regulatory mechanisms operate in different abundance ranges and determine the characteristic type …
Ecology: the biology of interactions. IV-15. Ecological strategies
Populations of certain species spend the majority of their time in the r‑phase. In such species, the highest reproductive value is possessed by individuals capable of rapid reproduction and colonizing …
Ecology: Biology of Interaction. IV-14. Amensalism and Neutralism
Neutralism is not the complete absence of effects between two populations, but a situation where this effect can be neglected. When will interaction between two populations within one ecosystem be …
Ecology: Biology of Interaction. IV-12. Competition and Ecological Niches
In interspecific competition, two populations can negatively affect one another in two different ways. The first (indirect, or exploitative competition) is related to the use of the same resource by …
Ecology: Biology of Interaction. IV-11. Parasitism and Parasitoidism
For a parasite, the host is like an island. How to get from one island to another? One solution is to produce and release a multitude of offspring (eggs, larvae, …