The problem of passing the field practice final exam for "individuals": stealing is not profitable!

{ "title": "Dear third-year students!", "summary": "", "body": "I will start by reminding you of the requirements for students' research papers, specifically the educational and research student work (NDRS). Most of you who have prepared and submitted papers have read and heard that the papers should be independent, but for some reason, not everyone paid attention to this requirement. This is the most important requirement! The result of completing NDRS is a presentation. This is not a written text stretched across slides, but key points. Among them are: - the answer to the question sought in the work; - how the data were obtained; how much empirical data were collected; - how the data were analyzed; - what conclusions were obtained from the analysis of the data; what is the significance of these conclusions. It's good if you collected your own data. However, it is allowed to use data from other authors from published sources. This is possible because there are many sources that provide empirical data processed in a certain way to find an answer to the question of interest to the author of the publication (corresponding to the goal of that work you are using). Often, these same data can be used to answer other questions. Thus, the goal of your work should be different from the goal of the authors of the publication from which you took the data. A more important requirement for your research (and, of course, presentations) is that all borrowings should be properly formatted. If you use data from other authors, their work should be referenced. If you use fragments of text from other authors, these fragments should be formatted as quotes (put in quotation marks, and a reference should be made immediately after them). If you use any illustrations other than those you made yourself, you should indicate this. Even the use of clipart to decorate a presentation requires a reference to the source (for example, an online library with a specific URL - internet address). The first question that my colleagues and I ask when looking at your work is: \"where did this come from\". If these are your data or data from other authors that were correctly used by you, they can be analyzed - how successfully the goal was chosen and the study was planned, how correctly the data were collected, analyzed, and interpreted, how justified the conclusions are. If not, the imitation of scientific work you have done is sent to the trash. On this page, I will explain why a certain number of your works were rejected. At this stage, I will spare their authors and will not indicate their names. The thing is that stealing other people's texts, falsification of scientific work is a significant violation of scientific ethics. So that after many years (and I hope that this site will exist for a long time) no one will find out that a certain person who is currently studying in the third year at our university is a thief of someone else's intellectual property, I will only indicate the names of the works. BATR \"Mutual tolerance of predatory birds and humans, their sustainable coexistence. Adaptability of predatory birds to anthropogenic impacts\". An innocuous compilation of text from Internet sources. Among other things, even if such work were done independently, it could not be recognized as NDRS: it is a stream of consciousness that does not rely on specific facts. Probably, for a student's work that was performed in Russia beyond the Urals (one of the sources of text), this was considered acceptable. As a research work at Kharkiv University, this is unacceptable. Score - 0, the author must provide another work on another topic. \"Investigation of species diversity and morphofunctional features of domestic pigeons\". Data taken from unknown sources. Lack of analysis by adequate methods. Anecdotal conclusions, which I will cite in full. \"Conclusions 1) The most common species was the breed of Unbreed Pigeons. 2) The most common breed: meat and decorative. 3) We studied the duration of incubation and development periods in various species of pigeons. 4) We studied the morphofunctional features of domestic pigeons\". Breeds or species? How can one study the species diversity of representatives of one species? Since the work does not provide quantitative estimates of the prevalence of breeds, how can one make the second conclusion? And what breed or several are we talking about? Regarding the third and fourth conclusions ... The conclusions do not report what the authors of the work studied; the conclusions should contain the results of the study. Score - 0, the authors can either radically rework this work (for this, they need to determine what they studied, provide data sources, and explain the processing) or provide another work on another topic. \"Rare and invasive species of fish in the Seversky Donets basin\". Falsification. The work of G.O. Shandikov and G.L. Goncharov in 2008 was taken. There is no reference to this work, there are references to the sources that the authors used. Score - 0, the author must provide another work on another topic. \"Adaptation of domestic animals to life on the street. Homeless and feral dogs\". Text from Internet sources. Other people's photos. Inserted sentences with references not to those sources from which these sentences were taken. Diagrams based on data taken from unknown sources. The goal is unclear, there are no formalized conclusions. Score - 0, the author must provide another work. I will give you an idea of how to do a good job on a similar topic so that it is your work? Walk several times from the metro to your home (or dormitory), registering meetings with dogs (or birds). Compare data collected under the same weather conditions. Establish whether the distribution of meetings along the route is random or whether there is a significant difference in the number of meetings at different times. Formulate a hypothesis that explains this phenomenon, determine how this hypothesis can be tested ... Do you think that such results will not be enough? Better a small result of your own than a mountain of stolen things! \"Care of offspring. Comparison on the example of the feline family\". Text from Internet sources. Other people's photos. Lack of any research elements and any references. In the middle of the work - a diagram unrelated to anything (\"ratio of types of motherhood in cats\") based on data taken from unknown sources. The goal is unclear, there are no formalized conclusions. Score - 0, the author must provide another work. \"Significant increase in body mass of southern leopard subspecies compared to northern subspecies\". It should be noted that research is a means of achieving a certain goal. By setting a goal, the authors of the work themselves determine how they will be evaluated. Let's read: \"Goal: to establish the reason for the increase in body mass of the African subspecies of leopard compared to other subspecies Tasks: to identify the main factors that influence the formation of body mass and consider how this happens on the example of each subspecies. Research methods: information and analytical, induction\". Text with a number of statements that are made on an unclear basis (there are no references in the text, there is only a list of sources at the end; of the five sources, two are films, the references are incomplete). A description of the features of different subspecies is given (without references). Subspecies are characterized by different features. The processing is unclear; the authors guess which of the listed factors affect the size of individuals. Let's give one conclusion out of three: \"In the course of the study, it was not possible to find a clear linear dependence of the leopard's mass on one specific factor, and at the same time, there is a significant difference in mass (within 20 - 25 kg), but there is a dependence on several interrelated reasons. Thus, the formation of a large body mass of the African leopard is influenced by the habitat, which consists of mountain forests or swampy areas and a rich food base consisting of large animals. The mass of the Indian leopard is influenced by the habitat and the healthy gene pool of the population, the mass of the Ceylon leopard reaches large sizes due to the absence of competitors and a rich food base, and the front Asian leopard adapts to the conditions of an unfavorable environment and therefore its mass changes and fluctuates within wide limits\". This is a stream of consciousness, certain guesses, the grounds for which are not discussed. Score - 0, the author must provide another work or radically rework the one provided. For example, if specific evaluations of certain factors that may affect the weight of individuals for all (or almost all) compared subspecies are obtained from specific indicated sources, the correlation will be determined, and conclusions will be made with the indicated significance, this work can be considered research. Several works do not contain glaring signs of falsification. The score for them will be discussed by me with colleagues. Perhaps we will ask the authors to rework their presentations or provide answers to our questions. Scores for these works will be announced somewhat later. To be continued..." }