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The Fate of Baturyn
The fate of Baturyn has been prepared for us. We must realize this, keep it in mind, and act with this scenario in view. And the most important thing in such a situation is to keep moving, without stopping.
Ecology: Biology of Interactions. II-09. Biogeochemical Cycle of Phosphorus
The phosphorus cycle is much less regulated than the just-considered carbon and nitrogen cycles because phosphorus lacks an exchange reservoir in the atmosphere. Phosphorus is the primary element that controls the productivity of aquatic communities. In the experiment with pond halves, where one of them...
Ecology: the biology of interaction. II-08. Biogeochemical cycle of Sulfur
Sulfur — a relatively abundant (fifteenth by chemical abundance) element in the Earth's crust, occurring in various oxidation states. It is a necessary component of proteins (0.8-2.4%), entering into their composition in the form of sulfhydryl groups (-SH) and disulfide groups (-S-S-). Upon destruction...
Ecology: Biology of Interaction. II-07. Biogeochemical Cycle of Nitrogen
The BGC cycle of Nitrogen is more complex than the Carbon cycle. It is also extremely important for living organisms. Although nitrogen is more abundant in the atmosphere than other gases, its incorporation into living matter is a far more complex task than the fixation of Carbon from carbon dioxide …
Ecology: Biology of Interaction. II-06. Biogeochemical Cycle of Carbon
Carbon is the foundation of organic compounds, and therefore the Carbon cycle is of particular significance for living organisms. The most important feature of this cycle is the presence of CO2 reserves — carbon dioxide — in the atmosphere, from which living organisms can draw. The movement of Carbon through …
Ecology: Biology of Interactions. II-05. Energy Sources for Biogeochemical Cycles
Movement of elements in the biosphere is maintained by three main energy sources (“drive belts” of biogeochemical cycles): solar energy transformed by hydrosphere and atmosphere in the hydrological cycle; solar energy stored in organic matter by photosynthesis; and chthonic (internal Earth) energy driving plate tectonics and volcanism.
Ecology: biology of interaction. II-04. Biogeochemical cycles
Biogeochemical cycle (BGC-cycle) refers to a relatively closed set of pathways for the transformation and movement of substances through living organisms and their environment. Biogeochemical cycles are called this because both biological and geochemical processes are involved in their functioning. Conven...
Ecology: biology of interaction. II-03. Gaia hypothesis (metaphor)
In 1972, James Lovelock and Lynn Margulis proposed the so-called «Gaia hypothesis» — the conception of Earth as a superorganism that maintains its homeostasis. As Lovelock later indicated, he and Margulis independently arrived at ideas previously expressed by James Hutton in the 17th century...
D3. Life Changes the Planet. “Past, Present, and Possible Future of Humanity and the Biosphere”
D3-1. How is time determined in Earth’s record? D3-2. How is the tree of life studied? D3-3. (Oxygen revolution). Supplement D3-4. (Asteroid bombardment of early Earth). Supplement D3-5. (How is the appearance of fossil organisms reconstructed?).
D1. Substances for Life. “Past, Present, and Possible Future of Humanity and the Biosphere”
D1-1. (Major groups of organic substances). D1-2. (Abiogenic synthesis of organic substances). Supplement D1-3. (Organic matter in space).
C3. The Active Earth. «The Past, Present, and Possible Future of Humanity and the Biosphere»
C3-1. (Structure of the Earth) C3-2. (Sedimentary, Igneous, and Metamorphic Rocks) C3-3. (Geochronological Scale) Appendix C3-4. () Appendix C3-5. ()
D2. Life and Natural Selection. «The Past, Present, and Possible Future of Humanity and the Biosphere»
D2-1. How does the living differ from the non-living? D2-2. The Origin of Life Appendix D2-3. The Butlerov Reaction Appendix D2-4. How does new information arise? Appendix D2-5. (Chirality of Biomolecules)
C2. Earth and the Moon. «The Past, Present, and Possible Future of Humanity and the Biosphere»
C2-1. A "lucky" planet with a large moon C2-2. (Formation of the Moon) Appendix C2-3. (The "Apollo" Program) Appendix C2-4. (Inversions of Earth's Magnetic Field) Appendix C2-5. (The Search for Extraterrestrial Life)
HistBio — 01. The Course "Historical Development of Biosystems"
On this and the following pages, materials will be posted to help biology master's students master the course "Historical Development of Biosystems"
HistBio — 02. The Strength and Weakness of the Historical Approach
An introductory lecture to the course on the historical development of biosystems. The explanatory value of studying history. A foray into the philosophy of knowledge, discussing the foundation on which the temple of science stands.
C1. Solar System. “Past, Present, and Possible Future of Humanity and the Biosphere”
C1-1. Earth’s place in the Universe. C1-2. (Formation of the Solar System). Supplement C1-3. (). Supplement C1-4. ().
B5. Micro-, Macro-, and Megaworld. “Past, Present, and Possible Future of Humanity and the Biosphere”
B5-1. (Why do size scales matter?). B5-2. (Paradoxes of quantum mechanics). Supplement B5-4. (Fate of the Universe). Supplement B5-4. (Dark matter). Supplement B5-5. (Dark energy).
A4. Science Is a Force That Changes the World. “Past, Present, and Possible Future of Humanity and the Biosphere”
A4-1. From folk healing to scientific medicine. A4-2. (Randomized double-blind trial and evidence-based medicine). A4-3. (Discoveries that changed human life). Supplement A4-4. (“Clever Hans”). Supplement A4-5. (...)
B4. The Mystery of Time. “Past, Present, and Possible Future of Humanity and the Biosphere”
B4-1. Time in mechanics — a dimension containing events. B4-2. Time in thermodynamics — the cause of event directionality. B4-3. (Time of quantum events and uncertainty of the future). B4-4. (Einsteinian time). Supplement B4-5. (Is time travel possible?).